TedTest

From the Ted Talk by Austin Eubanks: What surviving the Columbine shooting taught me about pain

Unscramble the Blue Letters

Do you remember where you were on June 12th, 2016? A few of you might, but I'm beinttg the vast majority probably don't. On June 12th, 2016, a lone gunman walked into Pulse Nightclub, killing 46 people in the deadliest mass shooting by a sligne gmunan in U.S. history. Now let's go back about a decade. How about August 29th, 2005. Do you remember where you were? We've got a few heads nodding out there. That was Hurricane Katrina. Over 1,800 dead in the costliest natural disaster ever to hit the North American continent. Now let's go back another few years and go for 100 percent recognition. Do you remember where you were on September 11th, 2001? Everybody's head nodding now. The smebeetpr 11th attacks left over 3,000 dead in the worst terrorist attack in U.S. history. Do you remember how you felt? Were you confused? arfaid? Did you feel sick? Were you vlruenalbe? Every time this happens, we're becoming more and more dsinzetesied. We frequently see news coverage of mass shootings, natural disasters that result in eomurons loss of life, terrorist attacks, and then we cgnhae the channel to watch something more friendly. This is the scoitey that we live in today, but the imcapt of these traumatic events are no less serious on those who are directly afetcfed, and now the impact of emotional pain on our society is more problematic than ever. Do you remember where you were on arpil 20th, 1999? Two students walked into cibonlume High School armed with shotguns, semi-automatic rifles, and a bevy of homemade explosives, killing 12 students and a teacher, in what was, at the time, the worst high sohcol shooting in U.S. history. I remember where I was. I had just walked into the library with my best friend in order to meet others preparing to go to lunch. Moments later, a teacher ran through the same doors we'd just entered yelling for everyone to get under the tables; that somebody had a gun. I rebmmeer how I felt. I was confused. I was afraid. I felt sick. And I was vulnerable. And just mtenius later, I was playing dead underneath a table next to a pool of blood. I had just been shot, and I had witnessed my best friend murdered right in front of me as we were huddled together waiting for help to come. I was brkeon. I was in shock, and I was in pain. But my understanding of pain that day was nothing like my understanding of pain today. What's the first thing you think of when you think of pain? Is it a broken arm? Headache? Sprained ankle? Maybe a gunshot wound? Those are the things that I used to aiscsoate with pain, and they're pretty in line with the medical dfeoiiitnn of pain: A variably unpleasant sensation associated with aucatl or potential tissue damage and mediated by sefcpiic nerve fibers to the brain where its conscious arpeacoiiptn may be mfediiod by various factors. Do you notice anything missing from that definition? Do you see any moitnen of the emotional components of pain? Me neither. In 1996, the American Pain Society ionucdetrd the phrase, "Pain is the fifth vital sign," meaning that when you weklad into an emergency room, the initial assessment of your condition was based on five data points: pusle rate, temperature, respiration rate, bolod pressure, and pain. This was bohgurt about by a cultural mevnemot that was adamant that we were under-treating pain. And patient satisfaction surveys were put in place in order to track the outcome and effectiveness of this new implementation. And what better way to promote these new piecoils than to tie physician and hospital compensation to patient satisfaction? A recent survey by the industry group Physicians picctare reports that three out of ten doctors are paid bonuses based upon patient stifocaaitsn surveys, and hospitals with better scores rceviee beggir payments from insurers. Naturally, administrators and painschyis began to support this new movement with the goal being to get everyone's pain to zero on the scale. That was the mark. The ethical dilemma immediately became, "Do I issue this person narcotics in order to keep them happy, or deny them, and potentially hurt my compensation, the ruevene of the hospital, or at wsort, open myself up to a grievance for under-treating pain that could ponltliteay result in the loss of my job?" I have experience with pain. Less than an hour after scrambling out the back door of the Columbine High School library, I was mtidcaeed on a variety of substances that were intended to sedate and to rlveiee pain. I was 17 years old and I'd never drank a beer or smoked weed, much less anything harder. I had no idea of what these mitedcinoas were even supposed to do. All I knew at age 17 was that a lot of highly eadtuced people had prescribed me medications that were intended to make me feel better and they were working, only not in the fashion that they were ienntedd. Now if you only remember one thing from my talk today, let it be this: Opioids are profoundly more effective at relieving the symptoms of emotional pain than they are at relieving the symptoms of physical pain. I often think back to my pain that day and if I were to rate it on the pain scale, my physical pain would've been a three or a four, and that was likely the response I offered when I was asked. But my emotional pain was an absolute ten. I was in agony beyond comprehension. But that was never asked; it was never talked about. Acute physical pain ends relatively quick; complex emotional pain does not. My physical pain had subsided in just a matter of days but my emotional pain was just as debilitating as it was lying in the hospital bed that day, so I continued taking the medication that was prescribed for my pain. I was addicted before I even knew what was happening. A recent survey by the American Society of Addiction Medicine rrtoeps that 86 percent of heroin urses began by taking prescription opioids. And in 2012 alone, over 259 million opioid prescriptions were filled in the U.S. That is more than enough to give every American adult their own bottle of pills. I very quickly began drug-seeking in order to shtooe my emotional pain and it was only a matter of months before the ptersicrinpos had teunrd to alcohol, marijuana, and ecliit narcotics. And as addiction always does, over the course of the next ddeace, my tolerance continued to build, my life continued to be unmanageable, and my emotional pain stayed uloveersnd. It was like I had pressed a pause button on my emotional growth. I was managing my pain in the only way I knew how, and I wasn't alone. I believe that emotional pain is what's driving the addiction epidemic. Think of someone you know who struggles with addiction. I'm betting you can point to an element of unaddressed or unresolved emotional pain in that poresn. Now think of a time you were in intense emotional pain and how dpeestrae you were to stop it. What if you had been offered an immediate route to feeling better. Imagine for a moment breaking your leg in an avalanche. Now that injury alone can be a fairly traumatic experience, but it's manageable. With short term pain management, most would make a full recovery. But now ingiame sustaining that exact same inujry, only this time your close friend was skiing next to you, and they didn't make it out of the avalanche alive. It seems so crystal cealr to me that there would be two very different pain mnnmaeaget strategies for what would appear to be an iactindel physiological injury, only there's not. Emotional pain is toxic, it's pavrsevie, and society has programmed us to aovid it. We medicate with alcohol and drugs, sex and pornography, even television and thloenocgy, and oftentimes, we're doing this without even knowing it. Our society is literally being defined by this pain. And now, more and more people are dying every month because they're looking for solace in the only way they know how. It's the way they were programmed. Everyone has pain; it's unavoidable. And I have a sipmle summary for how we got here. We built a society that is filled with emotional pain and trauma. We combined that with a healthcare steysm that's intended to primarily treat physiological symptoms, and then we put Big Pharma in the driver's seat, aimed directly at profits with regulations that are easy to manipulate. And now we're in the midst of what the former Surgeon geernal called the worst public health ciisrs the nation has ever seen - two years ago. It has since worsened, and what was then the adiiotcdn epidemic is now commonly referred to as the addiction pandemic. And here's a glimpse of where we're at today. The New York Times reported last month that overdose dethas rose by 19 percnet in 2016, and preliminary data for 2017 shows that this trend is only worsening. We've now far surpassed the worst years ever recorded for deaths caused by guns, AIDS, and automobile aictcndes. This data is appalling to me. There are people in our society taody who will still write this off under the guise of, "They're just a bunch of junkies." Well, I'm here to tell you ... they're not. They're fathers, mothers, brothers, sisters, they're children, sometimes not even in their tnees. They're pelpoe just like you and me, trying to cope in the only way they know how, and they're dying by the thousands every single month at an ever-increasing rate. Addiction is the only deasise where we commonly wait until it's at the highest lveels of acuity before we try to do something about it. And by then, it's often too late. We have to start sooner. We have to practice early interventions. We have to edcatue youth with real world meothds. We have to stop thinking that people can be rtleiabehiatd in thirty days, and then we have to improve accessibility to long-term treatment. We have to einmaitle the stigma associated with addiction and most importantly, we have to reform a broken healthcare system that is slowly coming to terms with the fact that they are rplnbosiese for this pandemic. (auslppae) (Cheers) It took me over a decade of active addiction and many more in recovery before I finally learned the difference between feeling better and actually being better. Because I had to lraen to lean into the pain. I had to quit looking for the fast road to reielf. I had to do the emotional work that needed to be done no matter how much it hurt. And after multiple attempts at short-term treatment, I finally found a wgsenlilins to do whatever it took, and I stayed in a continuum of care for 14 consecutive monhts in order to figure it out. I had to go through the stages of gerif that I should've been going through at age 17, at age 29. But I ruesfed to keep running, and it worked. (Applause) Fortunately for us, there is such a thing as post-traumatic growth, and you're wiesstnnig that on the stage before you today. Post-traumatic growth is defined as the potvisie psychological change that can occur in a person after they've experienced a traumatic life event. It implies that by finindg a way to endure through significant seinrffug, you can actually have meaningful development of prasnoel character and elevate yourself to a hghier level of fntnoiuicng. But avnceiihg post-traumatic growth requires that you lean into the pain. You can't run from it. You can't medicate it. So now I have a challenge for you. Take an audit of your cenurrt level of emotional pain. Do you have grief or heartache that you aren't dealing with? Has something traumatic happened to you that you haven't healed from? If so, take a step towards addressing this pain. Call a friend, talk to a therapist, just speak your truth to a stranger. Take one slmal step to shed light on this darkness because I've seen what darkness can do. I've seen it in hospital rooms when just one more didn't end up the way it was intended. I've seen it in jlias with people who were born addicted and never had a chance to learn anything else. I've seen it at funaerls for children who died before they ever had a chance to truly live. And I've seen it from underneath a table in the library of my high school. I want to leave you all with something that I wish I had known at age 17. Whoever you are, whatever you're going through, in whatever way you might be going through it, just know this: in order to heal it, you have to feel it. We're not going to solve the addiction pnaidemc oevnhgirt but we will make posrergs when people srtat to understand the difference between physical and eonoiatml pain, and then choose to do something about it. In rcorevey, we often say, you keep what you have by giving it away. Find the coagure to lean into the pain, and you can be a force in helping others. Thank you. (Applause)

Open Cloze

Do you remember where you were on June 12th, 2016? A few of you might, but I'm _______ the vast majority probably don't. On June 12th, 2016, a lone gunman walked into Pulse Nightclub, killing 46 people in the deadliest mass shooting by a ______ ______ in U.S. history. Now let's go back about a decade. How about August 29th, 2005. Do you remember where you were? We've got a few heads nodding out there. That was Hurricane Katrina. Over 1,800 dead in the costliest natural disaster ever to hit the North American continent. Now let's go back another few years and go for 100 percent recognition. Do you remember where you were on September 11th, 2001? Everybody's head nodding now. The _________ 11th attacks left over 3,000 dead in the worst terrorist attack in U.S. history. Do you remember how you felt? Were you confused? ______? Did you feel sick? Were you __________? Every time this happens, we're becoming more and more ____________. We frequently see news coverage of mass shootings, natural disasters that result in ________ loss of life, terrorist attacks, and then we ______ the channel to watch something more friendly. This is the _______ that we live in today, but the ______ of these traumatic events are no less serious on those who are directly ________, and now the impact of emotional pain on our society is more problematic than ever. Do you remember where you were on _____ 20th, 1999? Two students walked into _________ High School armed with shotguns, semi-automatic rifles, and a bevy of homemade explosives, killing 12 students and a teacher, in what was, at the time, the worst high ______ shooting in U.S. history. I remember where I was. I had just walked into the library with my best friend in order to meet others preparing to go to lunch. Moments later, a teacher ran through the same doors we'd just entered yelling for everyone to get under the tables; that somebody had a gun. I ________ how I felt. I was confused. I was afraid. I felt sick. And I was vulnerable. And just _______ later, I was playing dead underneath a table next to a pool of blood. I had just been shot, and I had witnessed my best friend murdered right in front of me as we were huddled together waiting for help to come. I was ______. I was in shock, and I was in pain. But my understanding of pain that day was nothing like my understanding of pain today. What's the first thing you think of when you think of pain? Is it a broken arm? Headache? Sprained ankle? Maybe a gunshot wound? Those are the things that I used to _________ with pain, and they're pretty in line with the medical __________ of pain: A variably unpleasant sensation associated with ______ or potential tissue damage and mediated by ________ nerve fibers to the brain where its conscious ____________ may be ________ by various factors. Do you notice anything missing from that definition? Do you see any _______ of the emotional components of pain? Me neither. In 1996, the American Pain Society __________ the phrase, "Pain is the fifth vital sign," meaning that when you ______ into an emergency room, the initial assessment of your condition was based on five data points: _____ rate, temperature, respiration rate, _____ pressure, and pain. This was _______ about by a cultural ________ that was adamant that we were under-treating pain. And patient satisfaction surveys were put in place in order to track the outcome and effectiveness of this new implementation. And what better way to promote these new ________ than to tie physician and hospital compensation to patient satisfaction? A recent survey by the industry group Physicians ________ reports that three out of ten doctors are paid bonuses based upon patient ____________ surveys, and hospitals with better scores _______ ______ payments from insurers. Naturally, administrators and __________ began to support this new movement with the goal being to get everyone's pain to zero on the scale. That was the mark. The ethical dilemma immediately became, "Do I issue this person narcotics in order to keep them happy, or deny them, and potentially hurt my compensation, the _______ of the hospital, or at _____, open myself up to a grievance for under-treating pain that could ___________ result in the loss of my job?" I have experience with pain. Less than an hour after scrambling out the back door of the Columbine High School library, I was _________ on a variety of substances that were intended to sedate and to _______ pain. I was 17 years old and I'd never drank a beer or smoked weed, much less anything harder. I had no idea of what these ___________ were even supposed to do. All I knew at age 17 was that a lot of highly ________ people had prescribed me medications that were intended to make me feel better and they were working, only not in the fashion that they were ________. Now if you only remember one thing from my talk today, let it be this: Opioids are profoundly more effective at relieving the symptoms of emotional pain than they are at relieving the symptoms of physical pain. I often think back to my pain that day and if I were to rate it on the pain scale, my physical pain would've been a three or a four, and that was likely the response I offered when I was asked. But my emotional pain was an absolute ten. I was in agony beyond comprehension. But that was never asked; it was never talked about. Acute physical pain ends relatively quick; complex emotional pain does not. My physical pain had subsided in just a matter of days but my emotional pain was just as debilitating as it was lying in the hospital bed that day, so I continued taking the medication that was prescribed for my pain. I was addicted before I even knew what was happening. A recent survey by the American Society of Addiction Medicine _______ that 86 percent of heroin _____ began by taking prescription opioids. And in 2012 alone, over 259 million opioid prescriptions were filled in the U.S. That is more than enough to give every American adult their own bottle of pills. I very quickly began drug-seeking in order to ______ my emotional pain and it was only a matter of months before the _____________ had ______ to alcohol, marijuana, and ______ narcotics. And as addiction always does, over the course of the next ______, my tolerance continued to build, my life continued to be unmanageable, and my emotional pain stayed __________. It was like I had pressed a pause button on my emotional growth. I was managing my pain in the only way I knew how, and I wasn't alone. I believe that emotional pain is what's driving the addiction epidemic. Think of someone you know who struggles with addiction. I'm betting you can point to an element of unaddressed or unresolved emotional pain in that ______. Now think of a time you were in intense emotional pain and how _________ you were to stop it. What if you had been offered an immediate route to feeling better. Imagine for a moment breaking your leg in an avalanche. Now that injury alone can be a fairly traumatic experience, but it's manageable. With short term pain management, most would make a full recovery. But now _______ sustaining that exact same ______, only this time your close friend was skiing next to you, and they didn't make it out of the avalanche alive. It seems so crystal _____ to me that there would be two very different pain __________ strategies for what would appear to be an _________ physiological injury, only there's not. Emotional pain is toxic, it's _________, and society has programmed us to _____ it. We medicate with alcohol and drugs, sex and pornography, even television and __________, and oftentimes, we're doing this without even knowing it. Our society is literally being defined by this pain. And now, more and more people are dying every month because they're looking for solace in the only way they know how. It's the way they were programmed. Everyone has pain; it's unavoidable. And I have a ______ summary for how we got here. We built a society that is filled with emotional pain and trauma. We combined that with a healthcare ______ that's intended to primarily treat physiological symptoms, and then we put Big Pharma in the driver's seat, aimed directly at profits with regulations that are easy to manipulate. And now we're in the midst of what the former Surgeon _______ called the worst public health ______ the nation has ever seen - two years ago. It has since worsened, and what was then the _________ epidemic is now commonly referred to as the addiction pandemic. And here's a glimpse of where we're at today. The New York Times reported last month that overdose ______ rose by 19 _______ in 2016, and preliminary data for 2017 shows that this trend is only worsening. We've now far surpassed the worst years ever recorded for deaths caused by guns, AIDS, and automobile _________. This data is appalling to me. There are people in our society _____ who will still write this off under the guise of, "They're just a bunch of junkies." Well, I'm here to tell you ... they're not. They're fathers, mothers, brothers, sisters, they're children, sometimes not even in their _____. They're ______ just like you and me, trying to cope in the only way they know how, and they're dying by the thousands every single month at an ever-increasing rate. Addiction is the only _______ where we commonly wait until it's at the highest ______ of acuity before we try to do something about it. And by then, it's often too late. We have to start sooner. We have to practice early interventions. We have to _______ youth with real world _______. We have to stop thinking that people can be _____________ in thirty days, and then we have to improve accessibility to long-term treatment. We have to _________ the stigma associated with addiction and most importantly, we have to reform a broken healthcare system that is slowly coming to terms with the fact that they are ___________ for this pandemic. (________) (Cheers) It took me over a decade of active addiction and many more in recovery before I finally learned the difference between feeling better and actually being better. Because I had to _____ to lean into the pain. I had to quit looking for the fast road to ______. I had to do the emotional work that needed to be done no matter how much it hurt. And after multiple attempts at short-term treatment, I finally found a ___________ to do whatever it took, and I stayed in a continuum of care for 14 consecutive ______ in order to figure it out. I had to go through the stages of _____ that I should've been going through at age 17, at age 29. But I _______ to keep running, and it worked. (Applause) Fortunately for us, there is such a thing as post-traumatic growth, and you're __________ that on the stage before you today. Post-traumatic growth is defined as the ________ psychological change that can occur in a person after they've experienced a traumatic life event. It implies that by _______ a way to endure through significant _________, you can actually have meaningful development of ________ character and elevate yourself to a ______ level of ___________. But _________ post-traumatic growth requires that you lean into the pain. You can't run from it. You can't medicate it. So now I have a challenge for you. Take an audit of your _______ level of emotional pain. Do you have grief or heartache that you aren't dealing with? Has something traumatic happened to you that you haven't healed from? If so, take a step towards addressing this pain. Call a friend, talk to a therapist, just speak your truth to a stranger. Take one _____ step to shed light on this darkness because I've seen what darkness can do. I've seen it in hospital rooms when just one more didn't end up the way it was intended. I've seen it in _____ with people who were born addicted and never had a chance to learn anything else. I've seen it at ________ for children who died before they ever had a chance to truly live. And I've seen it from underneath a table in the library of my high school. I want to leave you all with something that I wish I had known at age 17. Whoever you are, whatever you're going through, in whatever way you might be going through it, just know this: in order to heal it, you have to feel it. We're not going to solve the addiction ________ _________ but we will make ________ when people _____ to understand the difference between physical and _________ pain, and then choose to do something about it. In ________, we often say, you keep what you have by giving it away. Find the _______ to lean into the pain, and you can be a force in helping others. Thank you. (Applause)

Solution

eliminate
disease
columbine
educate
desensitized
single
educated
identical
gunman
soothe
personal
relieve
unresolved
desperate
accidents
technology
satisfaction
physicians
levels
broken
imagine
teens
enormous
betting
afraid
actual
minutes
affected
introduced
specific
prescriptions
small
relief
funerals
impact
mention
associate
achieving
reports
remember
courage
management
today
emotional
decade
rehabilitated
positive
finding
crisis
grief
avoid
person
users
deaths
april
bigger
people
percent
worst
applause
recovery
definition
policies
suffering
walked
practice
jails
pulse
simple
medicated
functioning
learn
addiction
elicit
clear
potentially
blood
general
witnessing
intended
responsible
system
brought
appreciation
vulnerable
society
medications
start
refused
movement
september
months
higher
school
willingness
change
pervasive
current
revenue
progress
pandemic
receive
overnight
methods
modified
turned
injury

Original Text

Do you remember where you were on June 12th, 2016? A few of you might, but I'm betting the vast majority probably don't. On June 12th, 2016, a lone gunman walked into Pulse Nightclub, killing 46 people in the deadliest mass shooting by a single gunman in U.S. history. Now let's go back about a decade. How about August 29th, 2005. Do you remember where you were? We've got a few heads nodding out there. That was Hurricane Katrina. Over 1,800 dead in the costliest natural disaster ever to hit the North American continent. Now let's go back another few years and go for 100 percent recognition. Do you remember where you were on September 11th, 2001? Everybody's head nodding now. The September 11th attacks left over 3,000 dead in the worst terrorist attack in U.S. history. Do you remember how you felt? Were you confused? Afraid? Did you feel sick? Were you vulnerable? Every time this happens, we're becoming more and more desensitized. We frequently see news coverage of mass shootings, natural disasters that result in enormous loss of life, terrorist attacks, and then we change the channel to watch something more friendly. This is the society that we live in today, but the impact of these traumatic events are no less serious on those who are directly affected, and now the impact of emotional pain on our society is more problematic than ever. Do you remember where you were on April 20th, 1999? Two students walked into Columbine High School armed with shotguns, semi-automatic rifles, and a bevy of homemade explosives, killing 12 students and a teacher, in what was, at the time, the worst high school shooting in U.S. history. I remember where I was. I had just walked into the library with my best friend in order to meet others preparing to go to lunch. Moments later, a teacher ran through the same doors we'd just entered yelling for everyone to get under the tables; that somebody had a gun. I remember how I felt. I was confused. I was afraid. I felt sick. And I was vulnerable. And just minutes later, I was playing dead underneath a table next to a pool of blood. I had just been shot, and I had witnessed my best friend murdered right in front of me as we were huddled together waiting for help to come. I was broken. I was in shock, and I was in pain. But my understanding of pain that day was nothing like my understanding of pain today. What's the first thing you think of when you think of pain? Is it a broken arm? Headache? Sprained ankle? Maybe a gunshot wound? Those are the things that I used to associate with pain, and they're pretty in line with the medical definition of pain: A variably unpleasant sensation associated with actual or potential tissue damage and mediated by specific nerve fibers to the brain where its conscious appreciation may be modified by various factors. Do you notice anything missing from that definition? Do you see any mention of the emotional components of pain? Me neither. In 1996, the American Pain Society introduced the phrase, "Pain is the fifth vital sign," meaning that when you walked into an emergency room, the initial assessment of your condition was based on five data points: pulse rate, temperature, respiration rate, blood pressure, and pain. This was brought about by a cultural movement that was adamant that we were under-treating pain. And patient satisfaction surveys were put in place in order to track the outcome and effectiveness of this new implementation. And what better way to promote these new policies than to tie physician and hospital compensation to patient satisfaction? A recent survey by the industry group Physicians Practice reports that three out of ten doctors are paid bonuses based upon patient satisfaction surveys, and hospitals with better scores receive bigger payments from insurers. Naturally, administrators and physicians began to support this new movement with the goal being to get everyone's pain to zero on the scale. That was the mark. The ethical dilemma immediately became, "Do I issue this person narcotics in order to keep them happy, or deny them, and potentially hurt my compensation, the revenue of the hospital, or at worst, open myself up to a grievance for under-treating pain that could potentially result in the loss of my job?" I have experience with pain. Less than an hour after scrambling out the back door of the Columbine High School library, I was medicated on a variety of substances that were intended to sedate and to relieve pain. I was 17 years old and I'd never drank a beer or smoked weed, much less anything harder. I had no idea of what these medications were even supposed to do. All I knew at age 17 was that a lot of highly educated people had prescribed me medications that were intended to make me feel better and they were working, only not in the fashion that they were intended. Now if you only remember one thing from my talk today, let it be this: Opioids are profoundly more effective at relieving the symptoms of emotional pain than they are at relieving the symptoms of physical pain. I often think back to my pain that day and if I were to rate it on the pain scale, my physical pain would've been a three or a four, and that was likely the response I offered when I was asked. But my emotional pain was an absolute ten. I was in agony beyond comprehension. But that was never asked; it was never talked about. Acute physical pain ends relatively quick; complex emotional pain does not. My physical pain had subsided in just a matter of days but my emotional pain was just as debilitating as it was lying in the hospital bed that day, so I continued taking the medication that was prescribed for my pain. I was addicted before I even knew what was happening. A recent survey by the American Society of Addiction Medicine reports that 86 percent of heroin users began by taking prescription opioids. And in 2012 alone, over 259 million opioid prescriptions were filled in the U.S. That is more than enough to give every American adult their own bottle of pills. I very quickly began drug-seeking in order to soothe my emotional pain and it was only a matter of months before the prescriptions had turned to alcohol, marijuana, and elicit narcotics. And as addiction always does, over the course of the next decade, my tolerance continued to build, my life continued to be unmanageable, and my emotional pain stayed unresolved. It was like I had pressed a pause button on my emotional growth. I was managing my pain in the only way I knew how, and I wasn't alone. I believe that emotional pain is what's driving the addiction epidemic. Think of someone you know who struggles with addiction. I'm betting you can point to an element of unaddressed or unresolved emotional pain in that person. Now think of a time you were in intense emotional pain and how desperate you were to stop it. What if you had been offered an immediate route to feeling better. Imagine for a moment breaking your leg in an avalanche. Now that injury alone can be a fairly traumatic experience, but it's manageable. With short term pain management, most would make a full recovery. But now imagine sustaining that exact same injury, only this time your close friend was skiing next to you, and they didn't make it out of the avalanche alive. It seems so crystal clear to me that there would be two very different pain management strategies for what would appear to be an identical physiological injury, only there's not. Emotional pain is toxic, it's pervasive, and society has programmed us to avoid it. We medicate with alcohol and drugs, sex and pornography, even television and technology, and oftentimes, we're doing this without even knowing it. Our society is literally being defined by this pain. And now, more and more people are dying every month because they're looking for solace in the only way they know how. It's the way they were programmed. Everyone has pain; it's unavoidable. And I have a simple summary for how we got here. We built a society that is filled with emotional pain and trauma. We combined that with a healthcare system that's intended to primarily treat physiological symptoms, and then we put Big Pharma in the driver's seat, aimed directly at profits with regulations that are easy to manipulate. And now we're in the midst of what the former Surgeon General called the worst public health crisis the nation has ever seen - two years ago. It has since worsened, and what was then the addiction epidemic is now commonly referred to as the addiction pandemic. And here's a glimpse of where we're at today. The New York Times reported last month that overdose deaths rose by 19 percent in 2016, and preliminary data for 2017 shows that this trend is only worsening. We've now far surpassed the worst years ever recorded for deaths caused by guns, AIDS, and automobile accidents. This data is appalling to me. There are people in our society today who will still write this off under the guise of, "They're just a bunch of junkies." Well, I'm here to tell you ... they're not. They're fathers, mothers, brothers, sisters, they're children, sometimes not even in their teens. They're people just like you and me, trying to cope in the only way they know how, and they're dying by the thousands every single month at an ever-increasing rate. Addiction is the only disease where we commonly wait until it's at the highest levels of acuity before we try to do something about it. And by then, it's often too late. We have to start sooner. We have to practice early interventions. We have to educate youth with real world methods. We have to stop thinking that people can be rehabilitated in thirty days, and then we have to improve accessibility to long-term treatment. We have to eliminate the stigma associated with addiction and most importantly, we have to reform a broken healthcare system that is slowly coming to terms with the fact that they are responsible for this pandemic. (Applause) (Cheers) It took me over a decade of active addiction and many more in recovery before I finally learned the difference between feeling better and actually being better. Because I had to learn to lean into the pain. I had to quit looking for the fast road to relief. I had to do the emotional work that needed to be done no matter how much it hurt. And after multiple attempts at short-term treatment, I finally found a willingness to do whatever it took, and I stayed in a continuum of care for 14 consecutive months in order to figure it out. I had to go through the stages of grief that I should've been going through at age 17, at age 29. But I refused to keep running, and it worked. (Applause) Fortunately for us, there is such a thing as post-traumatic growth, and you're witnessing that on the stage before you today. Post-traumatic growth is defined as the positive psychological change that can occur in a person after they've experienced a traumatic life event. It implies that by finding a way to endure through significant suffering, you can actually have meaningful development of personal character and elevate yourself to a higher level of functioning. But achieving post-traumatic growth requires that you lean into the pain. You can't run from it. You can't medicate it. So now I have a challenge for you. Take an audit of your current level of emotional pain. Do you have grief or heartache that you aren't dealing with? Has something traumatic happened to you that you haven't healed from? If so, take a step towards addressing this pain. Call a friend, talk to a therapist, just speak your truth to a stranger. Take one small step to shed light on this darkness because I've seen what darkness can do. I've seen it in hospital rooms when just one more didn't end up the way it was intended. I've seen it in jails with people who were born addicted and never had a chance to learn anything else. I've seen it at funerals for children who died before they ever had a chance to truly live. And I've seen it from underneath a table in the library of my high school. I want to leave you all with something that I wish I had known at age 17. Whoever you are, whatever you're going through, in whatever way you might be going through it, just know this: in order to heal it, you have to feel it. We're not going to solve the addiction pandemic overnight but we will make progress when people start to understand the difference between physical and emotional pain, and then choose to do something about it. In recovery, we often say, you keep what you have by giving it away. Find the courage to lean into the pain, and you can be a force in helping others. Thank you. (Applause)

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations

ngrams of length 2

collocation	frequency
emotional pain	13
high school	4
physical pain	4
columbine high	2
patient satisfaction	2
addiction epidemic	2
healthcare system	2
addiction pandemic	2

ngrams of length 3

collocation	frequency
columbine high school	2

Important Words

absolute
accessibility
accidents
achieving
active
actual
acuity
acute
adamant
addicted
addiction
addressing
administrators
adult
affected
afraid
age
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alcohol
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american
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applause
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april
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armed
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attempts
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automobile
avalanche
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based
bed
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betting
bevy
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blood
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bottle
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character
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columbine
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complex
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conscious
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crystal
cultural
current
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darkness
data
day
days
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deaths
debilitating
decade
defined
definition
deny
desensitized
desperate
development
died
difference
dilemma
disaster
disasters
disease
doctors
door
doors
drank
driving
drugs
dying
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easy
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educated
effective
effectiveness
element
elevate
elicit
eliminate
emergency
emotional
ends
endure
enormous
entered
epidemic
ethical
event
events
exact
experience
experienced
explosives
fact
factors
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fast
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feeling
felt
fibers
figure
filled
finally
find
finding
force
fortunately
frequently
friend
friendly
front
full
functioning
funerals
general
give
giving
glimpse
goal
grief
grievance
group
growth
guise
gun
gunman
guns
gunshot
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happening
happy
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heroin
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higher
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homemade
hospital
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huddled
hurricane
hurt
idea
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immediately
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importantly
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initial
injury
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intense
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issue
jails
job
june
junkies
katrina
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levels
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life
light
line
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live
lone
loss
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lying
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manipulate
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mark
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medicine
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missing
modified
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months
mothers
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multiple
murdered
narcotics
nation
natural
naturally
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news
nightclub
nodding
north
notice
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offered
oftentimes
open
opioid
opioids
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outcome
overdose
overnight
paid
pain
pandemic
patient
pause
payments
people
percent
person
personal
pervasive
pharma
phrase
physical
physician
physicians
physiological
pills
place
playing
point
policies
pool
pornography
positive
potential
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preliminary
preparing
prescribed
prescription
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pressure
pretty
primarily
problematic
profits
profoundly
programmed
progress
promote
psychological
public
pulse
put
quickly
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rate
real
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recognition
recorded
recovery
referred
reform
refused
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rehabilitated
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reported
reports
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respiration
response
responsible
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revenue
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road
room
rooms
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route
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running
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school
scores
scrambling
seat
sedate
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sex
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shock
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shootings
short
shot
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sick
sign
significant
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single
sisters
skiing
slowly
small
smoked
society
solace
solve
sooner
soothe
speak
specific
sprained
stage
stages
start
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step
stigma
stop
stranger
strategies
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students
subsided
substances
suffering
summary
support
supposed
surgeon
surpassed
survey
surveys
sustaining
symptoms
system
table
talk
talked
teacher
technology
teens
television
temperature
ten
term
terms
terrorist
therapist
thinking
thousands
tie
time
times
tissue
today
tolerance
toxic
track
trauma
traumatic
treat
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trend
truth
turned
unaddressed
unavoidable
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unpleasant
unresolved
users
variably
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vital
vulnerable
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walked
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work
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world
worsened
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write
years
yelling
york
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